![]() ![]() Thus, there is a pressing need for an investigation into promising treatments. Further, the psychotherapy literature is limited to case reviews and evaluations of clinical reports, creating a real problem for clinicians treating these patients. Yet, there are currently no effective treatment guidelines for pathological narcissism, with no randomised controlled trials that test the effectiveness of treatments, completed to date (Dimaggio et al., 2008). ![]() It is a serious and debilitating condition associated with instability, substance abuse, violence and suicidal tendencies. It is characterised by two distinct types: the archetypal grandiose kind we associate with the disorder, encompassing a sense of entitlement, lack of empathy and arrogance and the lesser-known vulnerable narcissism, typified by conditional self-esteem, hypersensitivity and insecurity (Drozek and Unruh, 2020). Pathological narcissism is more (or less!) common than you might expect, estimated to affect around 6% of the population over the life-course (Stinson et al., 2008). Despite the expression of ‘a narcissist’ being prevalent in the cultural lexicon, often thrown around in the media, online, at ex’s and even friends, relatively little is known about the condition in terms of treatment and research.
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